# Synthesis: Programme Review Mandate and Panel Composition Requirements

## Section 5.1 — Statutory Basis for Internal Programme Review

The legal foundation for periodic programme review is established in Article 7
of the 2019 Ministerial Order, which states verbatim:

> "All higher education institutions shall conduct internal programme reviews
> on a five-year cycle, and review panels must include at least two external
> experts from outside the institution and one industry representative with
> relevant sectoral experience."

This statutory requirement covers both the review frequency and the composition
of the review panel. The mandatory inclusion of industry representatives
reflects a broader policy commitment to labour market alignment in programme
governance.

## Section 5.2 — Implications for Institutional Compliance

Institutions must therefore ensure that their five-year review cycle panels
consistently meet the statutory three-member external composition requirement
as specified in Article 7.
