# Abstract — Quality Assurance Reform Trajectories (BAD: deictic temporal ambiguity)

**Word count:** 139 (whitespace-split)

This chapter examines institutional responses to national quality assurance
reform across 14 higher education institutions. Drawing on documentary
analysis and expert interviews, the study identifies three adoption
trajectories shaped by resource endowment and reform sequencing. The first
author served as an external evaluator on the National Quality Assurance
Committee during this period, a positionality that informed the interpretive
framework applied throughout. Findings suggest reform sequencing is a more
reliable predictor of adoption speed than resource endowment alone. Policy
implications for accreditation bodies are discussed.

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     anchoring context in the abstract. The upstream disclosure.md specifies
     "from 2020 to 2023." Without explicit years the reader cannot determine
     whether the role is current or historical. -->
